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Incremental Viscoelasticity for 3D Concrete Printing: Finite Strain Modeling and Parametric Studies
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In civil engineering, the still fresh concrete must be able to retain its shape due to the lack of confining formworks. Possible collapse can happen during the printing process due to the initially low mechanical properties. On another hand, the stress-strain constitutive relation is of the hypo-elastic type (incremental elasticity), a result that has been stated by an abundant literature on early-age concrete. It is then mandatory to take this fact into account within a predictive theory involving geometrical nonlinearities. We show the effectiveness of the proposed framework. In particular, to capture the influence of the printing speed on the occurrence of structural buckling instabilities. Early age rheology has a strong influence on the buildability and performance. A simulated slump-like test is given that can introduce a method to help identifying, in future works, the material parameters relative to the early-age creep.